2. Create Table

Creates all tables

I will explain the purpose and use of Primary and Foreign Keys in databases.

Primary key is to identify the uniqueness of a row while the foreign key constraints enforce referential integrity by preventing values that aren’t found in the related table’s primary key from being entered.

We will need multiple tables. This is because different areas of our application will reference ids or unique data in another table.

CREATE TABLE employee (
  emp_id INT PRIMARY KEY,
  first_name VARCHAR(40),
  last_name VARCHAR(40),
  birth_day DATE,
  sex VARCHAR(1),
  salary INT,
  super_id INT,
  branch_id INT
);

CREATE TABLE branch (
  branch_id INT PRIMARY KEY,
  branch_name VARCHAR(40),
  mgr_id INT,
  mgr_start_date DATE,
  FOREIGN KEY(mgr_id) REFERENCES employee(emp_id) ON DELETE SET NULL 
);

We may create a foreign key - mrg_id references to employee's emp_id because we already have the employee table existed for reference.

Notice that ON DELETE SET NULL above example means when an employee is deleted; the correspond mgr_id on branch id will be set to null.

When we first created the employee table, we did not create the foreign key because we don't have the branch table available for reference.

We can always ALTER TABLE after the table is created. Now we may register the foreign key since the branch table is available.

ALTER TABLE employee
ADD FOREIGN KEY(branch_id)
REFERENCES branch(branch_id)
ON DELETE SET NULL;

ALTER TABLE employee
ADD FOREIGN KEY(super_id)
REFERENCES employee(emp_id)
ON DELETE SET NULL;

CREATE TABLE client (
  client_id INT PRIMARY KEY,
  client_name VARCHAR(40),
  branch_id INT,
  FOREIGN KEY(branch_id) REFERENCES branch(branch_id) ON DELETE SET NULL
);

CREATE TABLE works_with (
  emp_id INT,
  client_id INT,
  total_sales INT,
  PRIMARY KEY(emp_id, client_id),
  FOREIGN KEY(emp_id) REFERENCES employee(emp_id) ON DELETE CASCADE,
  FOREIGN KEY(client_id) REFERENCES client(client_id) ON DELETE CASCADE
);

CREATE TABLE branch_supplier (
  branch_id INT,
  supplier_name VARCHAR(40),
  supply_type VARCHAR(40),
  PRIMARY KEY(branch_id, supplier_name),
  FOREIGN KEY(branch_id) REFERENCES branch(branch_id) ON DELETE CASCADE
);

Notice that instead of ON DELETE SET NULL, we have to use ON DELETE CASCADE because we have two PRIMARY KEY in the table.

ON DELETE CASCADE on branch_supplier means when we delete a branch, the entire row that associate with branch id will be deleted on branch_supplier.

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Inserting data

Some examples of inserting full data at once or update later

-- Corporate

INSERT INTO employee VALUES(100, 'David', 'Wallace', '1967-11-17', 'M', 250000, NULL, NULL);

INSERT INTO branch VALUES(1, 'Corporate', 100, '2006-02-09');

UPDATE employee
SET branch_id = 1
WHERE emp_id = 100;

INSERT INTO employee VALUES(101, 'Jan', 'Levinson', '1961-05-11', 'F', 110000, 100, 1);

-- Scranton

INSERT INTO employee VALUES(102, 'Michael', 'Scott', '1964-03-15', 'M', 75000, 100, NULL);

INSERT INTO branch VALUES(2, 'Scranton', 102, '1992-04-06');

UPDATE employee
SET branch_id = 2
WHERE emp_id = 102;

INSERT INTO employee VALUES(103, 'Angela', 'Martin', '1971-06-25', 'F', 63000, 102, 2);
INSERT INTO employee VALUES(104, 'Kelly', 'Kapoor', '1980-02-05', 'F', 55000, 102, 2);
INSERT INTO employee VALUES(105, 'Stanley', 'Hudson', '1958-02-19', 'M', 69000, 102, 2);

-- Stamford

INSERT INTO employee VALUES(106, 'Josh', 'Porter', '1969-09-05', 'M', 78000, 100, NULL);

INSERT INTO branch VALUES(3, 'Stamford', 106, '1998-02-13');

UPDATE employee
SET branch_id = 3
WHERE emp_id = 106;

INSERT INTO employee VALUES(107, 'Andy', 'Bernard', '1973-07-22', 'M', 65000, 106, 3);
INSERT INTO employee VALUES(108, 'Jim', 'Halpert', '1978-10-01', 'M', 71000, 106, 3);

-- BRANCH SUPPLIER

INSERT INTO branch_supplier VALUES(2, 'Hammer Mill', 'Paper');
INSERT INTO branch_supplier VALUES(2, 'Uni-ball', 'Writing Utensils');
INSERT INTO branch_supplier VALUES(3, 'Patriot Paper', 'Paper');
INSERT INTO branch_supplier VALUES(2, 'J.T. Forms & Labels', 'Custom Forms');
INSERT INTO branch_supplier VALUES(3, 'Uni-ball', 'Writing Utensils');
INSERT INTO branch_supplier VALUES(3, 'Hammer Mill', 'Paper');
INSERT INTO branch_supplier VALUES(3, 'Stamford Lables', 'Custom Forms');

-- CLIENT

INSERT INTO client VALUES(400, 'Dunmore Highschool', 2);
INSERT INTO client VALUES(401, 'Lackawana Country', 2);
INSERT INTO client VALUES(402, 'FedEx', 3);
INSERT INTO client VALUES(403, 'John Daly Law, LLC', 3);
INSERT INTO client VALUES(404, 'Scranton Whitepages', 2);
INSERT INTO client VALUES(405, 'Times Newspaper', 3);
INSERT INTO client VALUES(406, 'FedEx', 2);

-- WORKS_WITH

INSERT INTO works_with VALUES(105, 400, 55000);
INSERT INTO works_with VALUES(102, 401, 267000);
INSERT INTO works_with VALUES(108, 402, 22500);
INSERT INTO works_with VALUES(107, 403, 5000);
INSERT INTO works_with VALUES(108, 403, 12000);
INSERT INTO works_with VALUES(105, 404, 33000);
INSERT INTO works_with VALUES(107, 405, 26000);
INSERT INTO works_with VALUES(102, 406, 15000);
INSERT INTO works_with VALUES(105, 406, 130000);