Java 02-ocp added

[Arthur-0896]

�� Pull Request

🎯 Goal

#2

🛠 Type of Change

• [✅] ✨ New Language Implementation adding 'java' to 01-ocp
• 🐛 Bug Fix
• 📚 Documentation Update
• ♻️ Refactor

📝 Implementation Details

Bad example:

• Created a Class Salary calculator that calculates salary using conditional logic, thereby violating ocp. To add salary computation for a different type, a new conditional check would need to be added.

Good example:

• Created an abstract Employee class that just has a 'name' property and an abstract method calculateSalary()
• Extending classes need to provide their own implementation of calculateSalary()
• Therefore, using ocp, the feature is a lot more scalable as new use cases can simply extend the Employee class and provide their specialized implementation.

✅ Checklist

• [✅] I have followed the directory structure: case-studies/[case-study]/[language]/bad & case-studies/[case-study]/[language]/good.
• [✅] Bad Version: Clearly violates the principle but still runs/compiles.
• [✅] Good Version: Refactored code that demonstrates the SOLID principle.
• [✅] Documentation: Included a README.md with "How to Run" instructions.
• [❌] Tests: Added unit tests (highly encouraged!).

📸 Screenshots / Output (Optional)

Bad output:

Good output: