Smart Room Management System

Overview

This project is a prototype system designed to monitor room occupancy and control the indoor environment using sensors and automated mechanisms.
The idea originated during the COVID-19 period, where overcrowding in closed spaces became a critical safety issue. Studies showed that high occupancy levels and poor ventilation significantly increased the risks of suffocation and virus transmission.

System Purpose

• Count the number of people inside a room using ultrasonic sensors.
• Display the live occupancy count on a 4-digit TM1637 display.
• Control a 12V fan based on room temperature.
• Adjust fan speed dynamically — higher temperatures increase fan speed, and lower temperatures reduce it.
• This prototype demonstrates how smart environments can help reduce overcrowding risks and improve air quality in shared indoor spaces.

How It Works:

Occupancy Counting

• Two ultrasonic sensors detect entry and exit.
• Each detection updates the occupancy count.
• The live count appears on the TM1637 display.
• If the room exceeds its safe capacity (future version), the system can trigger alerts or lock further entry.

Temperature Monitoring & Fan Control

• A temperature sensor reads the room’s temperature continuously.
• When temperature rises, the fan turns on.
• Fan speed increases with higher temperature thresholds to improve ventilation.

Hardware Components

• Arduino board
• Ultrasonic Sensors (Entry/Exit)
• TM1637 4-Digit Display
• 12V Fan (4×4)
• Temperature Sensor
• Transistors (for fan control)
• Buzzer
• Diode
• Breadboard & wiring

Demo Video:

• A short demonstration of the system in action:
  https://drive.google.com/file/d/1zMNII6vpOPzXLju6JpfHt85-VI5F0npG/view?usp=sharing

Features

• Real-time occupancy counting
• Automatic temperature-based fan control
• Dynamic fan speed adjustment
• Modular code (separated into counters and fan control)
• Clear circuit and block diagrams

Future Improvements

• Adaptive occupancy limits based on room dimensions (e.g., 3×4 vs. 5×5 rooms).
• Integration with hospital systems to divert patients if a room becomes full.
• Automatic alerts for overcrowding (SMS, notifications, alarms).
• Expanding the system for multi-room monitoring.
• Adding cloud connectivity for real-time dashboards.

Notes

This is a functional prototype demonstrating how smart systems can help manage crowds and improve indoor safety.It can be extended into a complete IoT-based room management solution with relatively small enhancements.