Automatic Street Light Controller

Overview

A simple hardware project demonstrating an automatic street-light system that turns ON in darkness and OFF in daylight.
The entire system is built using electronic components only —no programming, no microcontroller— and relies entirely on a light sensor (LDR) to control the LED lights.

How It Works

The behavior depends on the amount of light detected by the LDR sensor:

• When the sun rises (bright environment):
  The LDR detects light → LEDs turn OFF automatically.
• When the sun sets (dark environment):
  The LDR detects darkness → LEDs turn ON automatically. A transistor (2N2222 NPN) acts as a switch to control the LED based on the signal coming from the LDR.

Hardware Components

• LDR (Light Dependent Resistor)
• 9V Battery
• Battery Connector
• Resistors (1kΩ)
• Transistor (2N2222 NPN)
• White LED
• Wires (soldered connections)

Build Method

The project was assembled using soldering, not a breadboard.
All connections were created manually to simulate a real-world hardware build and ensure stability.

Circuit Diagram

Below is the main circuit schematic used in this project:

Video Demonstration

Short demo of the project:
https://drive.google.com/file/d/1RfV9FzQOMCrOCL--NggIKNYRAGDHyzAk/view?usp=sharing

Features

1. Fully automated ON/OFF control
2. No programming or microcontroller
3. Simple and reliable electronics design
4. Real hardware implementation

Future Improvements

1. Replace LED with a high-power lighting module
2. Add a solar charging system
3. Add motion detection for better energy saving