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Copy file name to clipboardExpand all lines: README.md
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Welcome to offsecnotes, a website dedicated to Offensive Security notes. This project provides a collection of concepts, techniques, and tools useful for anyone interested in penetration testing and offensive security.
***INSTALL\_FAILED\_INVALID\_APK:** Failed to extract native libraries
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* This error occurs in some apktool versions with apps containing native libraries. To fix it, set `extractNativeLibs` to `true` in `AndroidManifest.xml`, then repackage and re-sign the APK.
Copy file name to clipboardExpand all lines: content/web/vulnerabilities/api.md
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**Note**: We change isAdmin to "foo" because we want see if the user input is processed. If we get an error may indicate that the user input is being processed.
Sending `query{__typename}` to a GraphQL endpoint will return `{"data": {"__typename": "query"}}` in the response.
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Try with POST, GET or POST with `application/x-www-form-urlencoded`
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## Common endpoint names <ahref="#common-endpoint-names"id="common-endpoint-names"></a>
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## Common endpoint names
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```sh
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/graphql
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**Note**: Response could be "query not present" or similar. (meaning it's present)
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{{< /hint >}}
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## Discovering schema information <ahref="#discovering-schema-information"id="discovering-schema-information"></a>
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## Discovering schema information
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### Using introspection <ahref="#using-introspection"id="using-introspection"></a>
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### Using introspection
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To use introspection to discover schema information, query the `__schema` field. (could be disabled in production environments)
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Suggestions are a feature of the Apollo GraphQL platform where the server suggests query amendments in error messages. [Clairvoyance](https://github.com/nikitastupin/clairvoyance) is a tool that uses suggestions to automatically recover all or part of a GraphQL schema, even when introspection is disabled.
GraphQL can be exploited for CSRF attacks. POST requests with `application/json` content type are secure against forgery if the content type is validated.
The server issuing the token generates the signature by hashing the header and payload, sometimes encrypting the resulting hash. This process uses a secret signing key, allowing servers to verify the token's integrity:
## Multi-endpoint race windows <ahref="#aligning-multi-endpoint-race-windows"id="aligning-multi-endpoint-race-windows"></a>
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## Multi-endpoint race windows
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**Connection warming**
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Web servers often delay processing if too many requests are sent too quickly. By sending many dummy requests to trigger rate or resource limits, you can create a server-side delay, making the single-packet attack viable even with delayed execution.
Some frameworks prevent accidental data corruption through request locking. For example, PHP's native session handler processes one request per session at a time.
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